Since 2003, the species is rapidly spreading across tropical africa drew et al. Bactrocera dorsalis hendel and ceratitis capitata wiedemann are highly. Bactrocera bactrocera invadens is the name given to tephritid fruit flies that were introduced to east africa from sri lanka and subsequently invaded practically the whole of subsaharan africa, hence the species name invadens. Bactrocera became the main genus for the tribe after bactrocera and dacus were split, but bactrocera was further divided into zeugodacus and bactrocera in 2015. We examine overlap and similarity in the geographical expression of each species realised niche through reciprocal distribution models between africa and asia. This prompted the development of a nationally coordinated system to prevent introduction of this pest into the country. Various me dispensers are commercially available in south africa. Abundance of african invader fly, bactrocera invadens drew. In reaction a cold mitigating treatment to provide phytosanitary security to importing countries was developed in nairobi, kenya.
Manuscript ii tibebe dejene biasazin, miriam frida karlsson, ylva hillbur, emiru seyoum, teun dekker 2014. Bactrocera invadens, a species native to asia, was recorded for the. Identification of host blends that attract the african. It occurs in india, bhutan and some countries of africa. Fruit fly ff species, number ff adults per speciesand host emerged ff adults pupae host colle bactrocera ceratitis ceratitis ceratitis to relati cted invadens rosa cosyra capitata tal ve %mango 1024 670 0 38 0 708 21. Bactrocera invadens, an invasive fruit fly species in the afrotropical region belonging to the bactrocera dorsalis complex, causes considerable damage to fruit production and productivity. Me is available as slow release dispensers in form of either a plug or a fibreboard block invader lure. Synonymization of key pest species within the bactrocera dorsalis species complex diptera. The seasonal abundance of african invader fly, bactrocera invadens and the influence of temperature and rainfall on fly catches was determined in two agro ecological zones. Oriental fruit fly, bactrocera dorsalis hendel insecta. In 2003, a new fruit fly pest species was recorded for the first time in kenya and has subsequently been found in 28 countries across tropical africa.
Bactrocera zonata bactrocera cucurbitae bactrocera invadens ceratitiscosyra united states in usa california and established in hawaii, periodic interceptions in other states aphis 2009 imposed new import florida regulated absent requirements on certain fruits and vegetables japan not established absent established and eradicated. Bactrocera tryoni is recognised by drew 1989 as belonging to a species complex with three other species. Identification of host blends that attract the african invasive fruit fly, bactrocera invadens. Tephritidae, previously recognized as bactrocera invadens, on the african continent in 2003 raised biosecurity concerns in south africa where agriculture is of major socioeconomic importance. Ecology of bactrocera latifrons populations in hawaii nicanor j. Liquido biocontrol, biology,and field operations research unit tropical fruit and vegetable research laboratory, hilo agricultural research service, united states department ofagriculture the frugivorous tephritid fruit fly complex in. Habitat suitability maps for these species could be improved by inclusion of edaphic and host plant data. This document is eeny083 originally published as dpi entomology circulars no. The chemical ecology of the oriental fruit fly bactrocera. Department of nuclear agriculture and radiation processing, university of ghana.
Tephritidae, representing serious threats for europe, are numerous, and the fruit flies bactrocera zonata and those belonging to bactrocera dorsalis complex are among the most alarming species. Due to their high morphological similarity and overlapping distribution, as well as to their economic impact and quarantine status, the development of reliable markers for species delimitation between the two taxa is of great importance. All of these species are sympatric with each other. Pdf ecological niche and potential geographic distribution of the. Bactrocera is a tephritid fly genus of at least 440 species distributed primarily in tropical asia. Bactrocera dorsalis was formerly known as dacus dorsalis. Bactrocera invadens is an invasive fruit fly species of asian origin that was first detected in kenya in 2003 and now has been reported in many parts of the african continent. Bactrocera ceratitis ceratitis ceratitis ceratitis ceratitis fopius arisanus invadens capitata cosyra anonae rosa fasciventris mohamed, ekesi et al 2011et al. Eeny083 oriental fruit fly, bactrocera dorsalis hendel insecta. The following is a generalized life history for bactrocera fruit flies. Chaetodacus dorsalis hendel chaetodacus ferrugineus fabricius chaetodacus ferrugineus dorsalis hendel chaetodacus ferrugineus okinawanus. Similarly, 4 reported that an increase in the population of b. Tephritidae to volatile emissions of fruits from three hosts bactrocera invadens is an invasive fruit fly species of asian origin that was first detected in kenya in 2003 and now has been reported in many parts of the african continent.
Many species of bactrocera have not been wellstudied. Tephritidae 2 pupae pupation usually occurs within the olive fruit, but may occur in the soil depending on the time of year and number of generations. The insect was described as bactrocera invadens, due to its rapid invasion of the african continent. The accurate identification and description of biological species is vital and morphological taxonomists must continue to use diagnostic systems that elucidate, or are. Tephritidae has spread rapidly across africa and currently poses a phytosanitary threat to the fruit industry of south africa.
Annals of the entomological society of america 1066. The attractiveness of volatiles from four different fruit species. Seasonality of the asian papaya fruit fly bactrocera. Bactrocera invadens, mango, lifehistory, growth parameters. Taxonomic identity of the invasive fruit fly pest, bactrocera invadens. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Bactrocera invadens was later described by drew et al. Bactrocera invadens, ceratitis rosa, ceratitis cosyra and ceratitis capitata. Field infestation rates of an invasive fruit fly species, bactrocera invadens. Review article the ecology of bactrocera tryoni diptera. This flyis thought to belong to the bactrocera dorsalis hendel. The progressive invasion of bactrocera dorsalis diptera. Biology of bactrocera zeugodacus tau walker diptera.
Besides causing billions of dollars in direct losses to a wide variety of fruit, vegetables, and flower crops e. We do not use these to store personal information about you. Concordance in morphometry and dna barcoding fathiya m. Tephritidae is recognized worldwide for its destructive impact on agriculture. General information about bactrocera invadens bctrin this website uses cookies our website uses cookies to ensure that we give you the best possible online experience. Invasion by bactrocera dorsalis and niche partitioning among tephritid species in comoros. The subgeneric treatments have only partly adopted this latest change, but are indicated here to reflect the most modern dna based insights. Bactrocera invadens iita research for development r4d. The discovery of the exotic fruit fly pest bactrocera dorsalis diptera. In peninsular thailand, the damage to fleshy fruits is caused primarily by a i. Demographic parameters of the invasive species bactrocera invadens.
Fruit flies of tephritidae family are the main pests in fruit and vegetable production worldwide wih et al. This species complex forms a group within the subgenus bactrocera and the name may therefore be cited as bactrocera bactrocera dorsalis. Bactrocera dorsalis dacudooverview eppo global database. Tephritidae control in ghana a thesis presented to the. Emerging pests are increasingly threatening fruit orchard health across the mediterranean area. Fruit flies have become an increasingly prevalent pest in most of africa. Comparative demography of bactrocera dorsalis hendel and. Ecological niche and potential geographic distribution of. It belongs to the bactrocera dorsalis complex, but is difficult to diagnose based on solely morphological identification. Sankat, in postharvest biology and technology of tropical and. An evaluation of the species status of bactrocera invadens and the systematics of the bactrocera dorsalis diptera. Traps containing methyl eugenol were used in monitoring the abundance of the africa. Bactrocera carambolae is one of the approximately 100 sibling species of the bactrocera dorsalis complex and considered to be very closely related to b.
In the present study, the morphological and biological species boundaries. Bactrocera invadens was first reported in 2003 in east africa in kenya lux et al. Field infestation, life history and demographic parameters of the fruit. Here, we develop correlative ecological niche models enms for this species, which can be projected. The complete mitochondrial genome of bactrocera carambolae. In this study, 14 adult samples of fruit flies were collected from bujumbura and cibitoke in burundi district. Abundance of african invader fly, bactrocera invadens drew, tsuruta.
The concept that species are the basic unit of evolution, each with its own unique genetic makeup, is widely accepted amongst evolutionary biologists carson, 1957. This species complex forms a group within the subgenus bactrocera and the name may therefore be cited as bactrocera bactrocera carambolae. Continuing to use this website means you agree to our use of cookies. Effect of temperature on the development and survival of. Bactrocera dorsalis in largescale and smallscale orchards in ethiopia. Larvae hatch in a few days and burrow into interior of the fruit to feed on the pulp for 4 12 days. It was first shown to be the same biological species as b. Bridging the morphological and biological species concepts. Mated females deposit eggs within the flesh of the fruit on a host plant. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise cambridge core to connect with your account. Four fruit fly species emerged from the collected fruits. Bactrocera invadens and other invasive bactrocera species such as bactrocera dorsalis and bactrocera zonata. Trapping guidelines for surveillance of bactrocera. Ecology of bactrocera latifrons populations in hawaii.
Relatively few species have existed in africa, except for those recently introduced e. Pdf two correlative approaches to the challenge of ecological niche modeling genetic. Journal of biology, agriculture and healthcare iiste. Bactrocera invadens was the most abundant species 97%, followed by c. The larvae then drop from the fruit to pupate in the soil. Pupation is more likely to take place in the soil at the end of the season in areas where there are many generations per year rice 2000. These conditions allowed us to determine it biological and growth parameters. Bactrocera dorsalis is a member of the oriental fruit fly b. Adaptation to and smallscalerearing ofinvasive fruit fly.
Distribution countries with established infestations include cabi 1994. Results are discussed in relation to the biology and ecology of the insect and in the. Dacinae in the united states introduction the genus bactrocera is comprised of over 500 fruit fly species, of which many are considered serious pests that threaten the agricultural crops of countries in which they are found. Cold tolerance and disinfestation of bactrocera invadens. In this study, the morphometry and dna barcoding of different populations of b. Preliminary surveyhof fruit flies of bangladesh 51 a preliminary survey of the fruit flies diptera. Two correlative approaches to the challenge of ecological niche modeling genetic algorithm, maximum entropy were used to estimate the potential global distribution of the invasive fruit fly, bactrocera invadens, based on associations between known occurrence records and a set of environmental predictor variables. The activities of bactrocera invadens peaked during weeks 7 and 29 in. Niche overlap of congeneric invaders supports a single. Identification of areas susceptible to the establishment.
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